Journal: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Article Title: Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Alleviate Secondary Damage in the Substantia Nigra After Focal Cerebral Infarction in Rats

doi: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00338

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of BMSCs treatment on the number of TH, NeuN, and GFAP positive cells in SN, and DA and its metabolites in striatum at 4 weeks after dMCAO. (A) Representative microphotographs of immunohistochemistry for TH (II,VI,X) , NeuN (III,VII,XI) , and GFAP (IV,VIII,XII) in SN. The pictures on the right are magnified from the square area on the left. Scale bar: I, V, IX, 250 μm; II–IV, VI–VIII, X–XII, 50 μm. (B) Quantitative analyses of TH, NeuN, GFAP-positive cells in the SNc at 1 and 4 weeks after dMCAO. Transplantation of BMSCs increased the numbers of TH + [ F (2, 60) = 31.51, p < 0.01] and NeuN + cells [ F (2, 78) = 17.20, p < 0.01], and decreased the number of GFAP + cells [ F (2, 78) = 1848.10, p < 0.01] in the ipsilateral SNc after dMCAO. Each bar represents the mean ± S.D. * p < 0.05 vs. sham-operated group, # p < 0.05 vs. contralateral groups at the same time point and & p < 0.05 vs. ipsilateral vehicle groups ( n = 6 in each group). (C) The DA (I) , DOPAC (II) , and HVA (III) concentrations in striata at 1 and 4 weeks after dMCAO with or without BMSCs transplantation. Transplantation with BMSCs increased the concentration of DA [ F (2, 8) = 6.33, p < 0.05] in the ipsilateral striatum after dMCAO, maintained the concentration of DOPAC [ F (2, 11) = 0.53, p > 0.05] and HVA [ F (2, 11) = 0.67, p > 0.05] in the ipsilateral striatum after dMCAO. Each bar represents the mean ± SD * p < 0.05 vs. sham-operated group and # p < 0.05 vs. contralateral groups at the same time point and & p < 0.05 vs. ipsilateral vehicle groups ( n = 4 in each group). SN, substantia nigra; SNc, substantia nigra compact part; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase; NeuN, neuron-specific nuclear-binding protein; GFAP, Glial fibrillary acidic protein; Sham, sham-operated; BMSCs, bone marrow stromal cells; DA, dopamine; DOPAC, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; HVA, homovanillic acid; con, contralateral; ip, ipsilateral; w, week; dMCAO, distal middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Article Snippet: Over the past two decades, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) based neurorepair has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry, Transplantation Assay, Concentration Assay, Binding Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience

Article Title: Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Alleviate Secondary Damage in the Substantia Nigra After Focal Cerebral Infarction in Rats

doi: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00338

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cortico-striatum-nigral tract retrograde tracing with PRV-152. (A) PRV-152 was injected into the ipsilateral SNr. Regions of interest (ROI) of PRV-152 positive cell counting were shown. Dark shaded area represents ischemic region after dMCAO; lighter shaded area represents ROI. (B) Schematic illustration of the fluorescent signal of PRV-152 in sham-operated and dMCAO groups with or without BMSCs transplantation after PRV-152 was injected into the ipsilateral SNr. (C) Representative photographs of fluorescent double staining of PRV-152 (green) and DAPI (blue) in the ipsilateral cortex (I–IV) , striatum (V–VIII) and SNr (IX-XII) at 4 days after PRV-152 injection in sham-operated group. (D) Representative photographs of fluorescent double staining of PRV-152 (green) and DAPI (blue) in the ipsilateral cortex (I–IV) , striatum (V–VIII) , and SNr (IX–XII) at 4 weeks after PRV-152 injection in vehicle group. (E) Representative photographs of fluorescent double staining of PRV-152 (green) and DAPI (blue) in the ipsilateral cortex (I–IV) , striatum (V–VIII) and SNr (IX–XII) at 4 weeks after PRV-152 injection in BMSCs group. Scale bar, 50 μm. (F) Quantitative analyses of PRV-152 + cell number in the ipsilateral cortex, striatum and SNr after dMCAO. Transplantation with BMSCs increased PRV-152 + cells in the ipsilateral cortex [ F (2, 19) = 9.85, p < 0.01], striatum [ F (2, 41) = 10.67, p < 0.01] and SNr [ F (2, 19) = 6.05, p < 0.01] after dMCAO. Each bar represents the mean ± SD * p < 0.05 vs. sham-operated group and # p < 0.05 vs. vehicle group ( n = 7 in each group). SNr, substantia nigra pars reticulata; Cor, cortex; Str, striatum; PRV, pseudorabies virus; Sham, sham-operated; w, week; dMCAO, distal middle cerebral artery occlusion; BMSCs, bone marrow stromal cells; DAPI, 4’, 6- diamidino-2-phenylindole.

Article Snippet: Over the past two decades, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) based neurorepair has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.

Techniques: Retrograde Tracing, Injection, Cell Counting, Transplantation Assay, Double Staining, Virus

Journal: Biomaterials

Article Title: Organ-on-a-chip model of vascularized human bone marrow niches

doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121245

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) After 10 days of culture, BMoaC contain cells expressing CD14 (Green) in both sides of the device and in the (i, ii) lumen of CD34+ blood vessels (red). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars: 500 μm and 50 μm for low and high magnification images, respectively. Cells that egressed from the bone marrow niche and into the adjacent fluidic line of devices were collected on Day 14 and analyzed by flow cytometry for (B) the leukocyte common antigen CD45 and (C) the myeloid marker CD33 and neutrophil marker CD66b. (D) BMoaC exposed to 0.5 M doxorubicin between days 8 and 10 of a 14 day culture produce significantly fewer egressed CD66b+/CD33− cells from the perivascular niche compared to control devices. **p < 0.01 by 2-way ANOVA followed by Sidak’s post hoc-analysis. (E) BMoaC exposed to 30 ng/mL G-CSF produced significantly more egressed CD66b+/CD33− cells from the perivascular niche compared to control devices. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 by 2-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc-analysis.

Article Snippet: Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC, Lonza) were cultured in Myelocult 5100 (StemCell Technologies) supplemented with 1 μM hydrocortisone (StemCell Technologies), 2 mM L-glutamine (ThermoFisher), and 50 U/mL Penicillin-Streptomycin (ThermoFisher).

Techniques: Expressing, Flow Cytometry, Marker, Control, Produced